Chambers of commerce and industry want to work with the new president and new government on major economic issues: SMEs, industry, international business development, training and learning. "We are a driving force. We are not in the claim, "said Jacques Pfister, Senior Vice President of the Assembly of French Chambers of Commerce and Industry (ACFCI) and President of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Marseille Provence in presenting the 22 proposals of the network of chambers of commerce and industry.

Sign of this willingness to change and to affirm their desire to play leading roles in major economic debates, chambers of commerce and industry adopt a new logo, "CCI de France." "There are not many networks of entrepreneurs also involved in the economy of the territories and as close to the territories. We are a private Datar, "says Jacques Pfister, referring to the Directorate of Planning.

Chambers of commerce are active in many areas. "They are machines to do economic development, to train young people to manage infrastructure," says Pierre-Antoine Gailly, second vice-president of the ACFCI and President of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Paris. They train apprentices. They welcome students into their business schools. They manage airports or ports. They support SMEs internationally. They help entrepreneurs. They look after employment. "The Chamber of Commerce Marseille Provence 1000 supports RSA beneficiaries per year for four years," said Jacques Pfister.

Simplification of yarrow territorial

Anxious to participate in the economic recovery, the Chambers of Commerce argue that France gets a real industrial ambition. They want to make 2013 the year of the industry. They offer a one-stop financing industrial area to help entrepreneurs to find funding.

The launch of a contingency plan to enable SMEs to enter new markets is asked to stop the decline in the number of exporting companies that are not more numerous in 2011 than in 1995. Large groups will be forced to work with "a share of SMEs and SMIs in the French part of their contracts together abroad."

Noting that France is over-managed and that the powers of territorial and state overlap, chambers of commerce and industry urge a simplification of territorial yarrow, strengthening the role of cities and best use of ports or airports. "It is possible to create a% of GDP higher if we reflect on the cities and provide 1% of GDP higher by focusing on the ports of Marseille and Le Havre," said Jacques Pfister.

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A textile company, for lack of sewers it needs for its plant in Quimper, creates a pathway of learning to train its future recruits? The SME Armor Lux, well known for its white wine, made the headlines this week, at a time when all candidates for president are the re-industrialization of the country one of their campaign themes.

This situation is not isolated and number of industrial jobs – welders, boilermakers, milling … – are pulling their hair to find candidates and encourage vocations. "There is a real paradox between a high level of unemployment in France and companies who are not candidates for positions in recruitment, whether welders, millers, coppersmiths, payroll technicians, seamstresses …. In total we estimate that roughly fifty so-called shortage occupations. In our business we miss about 30% of requests from our customers because we do not have the resources and this situation has been deteriorating for a decade, notes François Beharel, group president of Randstad and staffing agencies. Concretely, this means that our group could generate 30% of turnover and more. "

For him, the problem is essentially related to the collective image What these professions in public opinion. "We imagine that in the textile industry and is like 50 years ago, while the environment has changed, that wages were revised upwards and that career paths are possible." "We have to get into people's heads, and young people in particular, that the industry is clean and not necessarily noisy. In this regard, the construction was successful for several years to reverse its bad image, "says Anne-Marie Bjornson, Director of Transitions AFPA.

Develop learning

A UIMM, Joel Mendez, Director Employment and Training, said that one communicates primarily on job losses. Yet in all sectors of metallurgy, the recruitment needs estimated over the period 2007-2015 are always evaluated. Between 60,000 and 80,000 jobs per year, including 30 to 40% reserved for graduates, according to a study by the study-which will be updated in early 2012 over a 2013 to 2020 -. "There is a big educational effort and support to achieve with the companies to become more involved in processes of looking management of jobs and skills (GPEC) and assessing their future needs" says he.

According to Anne-Marie Bjornson Afpa transitions, there are ways to mount training particularly in the context of operational readiness to employment (job center) or as part of training contracts. "We are also working on the issue of transferable skills, which allow for example to a textile worker to work in the weld or a working precision to go in the car." But anticipating needs is a prerequisite and essential step, she insists.

For Joel Mendez, it is also essential to adapt the training devices to the needs, both in initial training in continuing education. And take the example of learning where the numbers in the branch of metallurgy grew 6% in 2011 (with a total of 26 000 apprentices). "At the last school year, nearly a thousand offers of learning could not be met and at the same time, the same volume of young people did not find any company. This shows that learning can be further developed and the various mechanisms put in place recently should help solve these problems. "

A situation that in any case, Francis led Beharel hammering: "stop sending generations of young people in jobs without opportunities. Spend money to know that jobs are to be filled with real careers, especially if the areas are not attractive. "

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President of the Assembly of Departments of France (ADF), Claudy Lebreton, strong supporter of decentralization and Rural Affairs, wants to accelerate the transfer of competencies from the state to local governments. The laws of 1982 under the government of Pierre Mauroy, then in 2003 under that of Jean-Pierre Raffarin, this would be the third act of decentralization.

The first axis of the reform advocated by Claudy Lebreton, to be presented to Parliament if the left wins presidential elections, would cover the transfer of new responsibilities to local governments. "We propose to strengthen decentralization with new skills to the departments and regions in terms of jobs, training, implementation of EU policies such as the common agricultural policy, he says. France can do much better in terms of skills transfer. It ranks 18th of 27 in Europe, "says he.

Freedoms tax

But who says new skills also said additional revenue. This is the second axis of the proposed reform. "The tax changes sought by the National candidate Holland would be the opportunity to propose a change in local taxation," says the representative of the departments of France. "It will take more responsibilities and freedoms to local tax to fund these new skills," says local politician, head of the Cotes d'Armor since 1997. Among the ideas put forward: the integration of a criterion in determining income housing tax so it is no longer based solely on the rental value of housing. Figure also increasing the share of taxes transferred on TICPE (domestic consumption tax on energy products) to the regions no fax payday loan.

The latter, closer to the needs of business, would be entrusted, in co-responsibility with the State, public service employment. In addition, to finance the social aspect such as RSA or dependence, part of CSG can be fed into the department budget. Conversely the representative of the councilors described as "highly dangerous for the finances of the department" the measure proposed by the president candidate, Nicolas Sarkozy, to halve the land transfer for value (DMTO), a transaction tax estate. "It represents 10% of department budget, or 7 billion euros, it is far from negligible," he insists.

Third axis of the reform of local democracy. It would involve the prohibition of double an executive mandate with a parliamentary mandate, the creation of a local initiative referendum, the best account of the status of local elected officials, union and association.

The timing of this reform would be quick and simple. "A law of territorial democracy would be presented to Parliament this autumn in the wake of the general assembly of the territories set up by the Senate president, Jean-Pierre Bel," explains Claudy Lebreton. Provided however, that Francois Hollande is elected Sunday, May 6 and he then won the general elections in June

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The world of dog is not alien powers to DNA. He has also used its "services" for many years. And this, in two major areas of application: the detection of genetic diseases on the one hand, and the parentage of the other.

350 genetic diseases in dogs

There are about 350 dogs hereditary defects (against 5,000 in humans). Research – three laboratories in France working in the field of canine genetics – allowed for certain defects develop markers. These help to identify a male or a female for breeding (and competing standard) is free or affected by a particular pathology.

The status of the parents tested "negative" may be affixed to the pedigree, official document of the dogs.

Through these tests, the breeder who performs thorough job selection may evict reproductive individuals carrying. Some dogs may be healthy carriers, that is to say, be affected by a disease without showing symptoms, however, while being able to pass it. The tests may be required by a breed club within its rating scale, a sort of "ranking" of the best subjects.

A guarantee for the future master

However, there is still no test for all diseases, but susceptible breeds are available in which they can expect to see and decrease the spread of genetic diseases in their livestock.

The usefulness of such tests, when available, also benefits the future master. In its efforts to acquire a puppy, it can ensure that parents are free, which is an additional safeguard to avoid having to deal with a puppy who in turn will present a pathology. Genetic diseases, like all those reported before the purchase of an insurance animal health within the scope of exclusions of reimbursement, it is therefore a significant caution.

The DNA also allows traceability of pups in a litter. Thus, one can know with certainty that they are from the cross of like father and mother like her.

This is the official club of the breed English bulldog in this area which was the forerunner in introducing a DNA test to determine parentage in 1998. SCC (Societe Centrale Canine) which manages the LOF (Book of French origin) in France while an estimated three pedigree had at least one false statement. "It was a success in terms of ranchers who wanted to stand out from the merchants of dogs," says Helene Denis, president of the club's English bulldog. "To date we have over 1,000 bulldogs identified which quarter with controlled descent for both parents," she says.

The last important point, and not least, among the genes identified in dogs, several are directly relevant to humans. Some studies conducted in canine genetics can be transposed in human medicine and help advance research.

Proof once again that the dog outside of his abilities for the company and its role at times of carer, may hold promise of hope in our health.

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From our special correspondent at Austin (USA)

"You are the rock stars of tomorrow." In one sentence, dropped in front of thousands of Web entrepreneurs, Hugh Forrest summarized the spirit of the conference which he is the organizer. The festival South by Southwest (SXSW) has been meeting for twenty-five mid-March in Austin, Texas. In recent years, the conference dedicated to new technologies a huge success. Of "Woodstock for start-ups," where we would meet over a few beers and a barbecue, the event mutated into strategic meeting for start-ups seeking to conquer the world.

The source of this renewed interest, the essential role played by SXSW in takeoff of the stars of today's Web, Twitter to Foursquare via Facebook. The festival is now regarded as the place where the giants are discovering digital future. "The attendance has increased by 20% annually since 2007 with the launch of Twitter," note the organizers of SXSW. Founded in 2006, the startup has benefited, in Austin, the meeting of three factors: the boom of social networks, the emergence of smartphones and the presence of a crowd of fans looking for tools to facilitate the networking. In one week, Twitter has become the sensation of the conference.

Geolocation mobile

The same enthusiasm has propelled mobile location-based service Foursquare on center stage in 2009. The application was very useful for many festival goers, allowing everyone to know where he could find his friends. The efforts of the local team did the rest. "We had T-shirts that offered, chalk with which we had drawn of the pools on the ground before the conference center, on which Dennis Crowley (founder of Foursquare, Ed) invited people to play," is remembers Evan Cohen, general manager of Foursquare and invited the 2012 edition. "We did drive by the organizers because it was against the rules: we were drawing with chalk on the ground next to Ford who had paid to be displayed at the entrance to the conference center! This caught the attention of the press. "

Today, this guerrilla advertising is not enough to drill at SXSW. "You need a plan of attack, we know who wants to meet and be very open," said Hugh Forrest. "You have 8 seconds to convince them," says one contractor, accustomed places. To exist, the hopes of shaping web services tailored to the festival. Newcomer of the Year 2011, discussion of the application bundle GroupMe and had organized a free distribution of toasted sandwiches. The start-up was later acquired by Skype. This year, the application Uber, which usually allows private cars to order with his mobile, offers festival-goers to take delivery of snacks. Foursquare, meanwhile, now publishes specific badges that can be unlocked by those who attend SXSW. But this year, while the opening of the conference was marred by rain, festivalgoers have especially cherished the ponchos provided by Bing, the search engine … Microsoft.

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The carbon tax decided by the Europeans could threaten 20% of the production of large aircraft – the A 330 and A 380 – Airbus alert Louis Welsh, CEO of EADS, the parent company of Airbus.

There are already industrial consequences that amount to retaliation. The Chinese government has frozen any decision acquisitions of large carriers in Europe, specifically 35 and 10 A 330 A 380 that wish to order Chinese companies.  

So, the increase in production rates of A 330 (7 to 11 per month by the second quarter 2014) "depends on the maintenance or not of Chinese companies and Chinese government approval."

"This European tax distortions created"

Louis Welsh argues for a global solution and not just European, "this European tax is inappropriate, it created distortions and puts Europe's aerospace industry and in opposition to the world," said the president of EADS payday loans in one hour.

Louis said that the Welsh Group and its subsidiaries spend 80% of its investments in programs to reduce fuel consumption and therefore emissions, and noise. 

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